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  <titleInfo>
    <title>Towards the text of the Old Testament</title>
    <subTitle/>
  </titleInfo>
  <name type="personal">
    <namePart>Deist, F. E.</namePart>
    <role>
      <roleTerm authority="marcrelator" type="text">creator</roleTerm>
    </role>
  </name>
  <name type="personal">
    <namePart>Winckler, W. K.</namePart>
  </name>
  <typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource>
  <originInfo>
    <place>
      <placeTerm type="code" authority="marccountry">xx</placeTerm>
    </place>
    <place>
      <placeTerm type="text">Pretoria</placeTerm>
    </place>
    <publisher>N. G. Kerkboekhandel Transvaal</publisher>
    <dateIssued>1981</dateIssued>
    <dateIssued encoding="marc">9999</dateIssued>
    <edition>2nd ed.‎</edition>
    <issuance>monographic</issuance>
  </originInfo>
  <language>
    <languageTerm authority="iso639-2b" type="code">und</languageTerm>
  </language>
  <language>
    <languageTerm authority="iso639-2b" type="code">eng</languageTerm>
  </language>
  <physicalDescription>
    <form authority="marcform">print</form>
    <extent>xi, 301 p. ; 23 cm.</extent>
  </physicalDescription>
  <tableOfContents>I. Introducing textual criticism : 1. The expression "textual criticism" -- 2. The problems of textual criticism -- 3. The academic setting of Old Testament textual criticism : Old Testament textual criticism and theology in general ; Old Testament textual criticism, interpretation and grammar ; Old Testament textual criticism and interpretation -- 4. The distinction between Old Testament textual and literary criticism -- 5. The main types of content and their use by students. II. The transmission of the Hebrew text : 1. The transmission of texts -- 2. The alphabet in which the text was transmitted -- 3. Textual corruption in the process of transmission : Errors committed inadvertently : Sound-alike words were confused ; Look-alike letters were confused ; Consonants were switched ; Letters, words or phrases were omitted ; Letters and words were written twice ; Wrong word divisions were made ; The consonantal text was misread ; Marginal glosses were incorporated in the text. Errors committed deliberately : Simplification of the text ; Linguistic emendations ; Emendations on religious or moral grounds ; Emendations on theological grounds -- 4. The stardardisation of a consonantal text : The Massoretes ; The massora of the Massoretes : The massora marginalis ; The massora finalis ; The massora in disuse. Critical indications by the Massoretes : The large letters (literae majusculae) ; The small letters (literae minusculae) ; The floating letters (literae suspensae) ; The inverted nûn (nûn inversum) ; The unusual dots (puncta extraordinaria). The corrections by the scribes (tiqqune sopherim) ; Other typical practices of the Massoretes : The final letters (literae finales) ; The extended letter (literae dilatabiles) ; The 'Atbash ('Atbas) rule -- 5. The division of the text -- 6. The Massoretic vocalisation of the text : Vocalisation of the Massoretes of the east ; Vocalisation of the Massoretes of the west ; Excursus on Massoretic vocalisation : Punctuation and spelling ; Pronunciation ; Morphology ; Conclusions -- 7. Important manuscripts : The Qumran Bible manuscripts ; The Isaiah Scrolls ; The Samuel texts ; The Jeremiah text ; Other texts. The Ben Asher manuscripts : The Codex Cairensis ; The Codex Aleppo ; The Codex Leningradensis. Ben Naphtali manuscripts ; A pseudo-Ben Naphtali manuscript ; The Petersburg Codex of the Prophets ; The Nash Papyrus ; The Geniza texts from Cairo ; The Firkowitch Collections ; Lost manuscripts -- 8. Some printed editions of the Hebrew text : The Bomberg Bibles ; The Michaelis edition ; The Kennicott edition ; The Ginsburg edition ; Kittel's Biblia Hebraica (BHK) : BHK and B19 ; BHK and Ben Asher ; The critical apparatus of BHK ; Summary. The Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia.</tableOfContents>
  <note type="statement of responsibility">F.E. Deist ; edited and translated by W.K. Winckler</note>
  <subject>
    <topic>Bible. Old Testament Criticism, Textual.Bible. Old Testament History.Criticism, interpretation, etc</topic>
  </subject>
  <classification authority="lcc">BS1136  .D325 1981</classification>
  <identifier type="isbn">9780798701587‎0798701587</identifier>
  <recordInfo>
    <recordCreationDate encoding="marc">220922</recordCreationDate>
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