pt. 1. Science, language, and experience. Two kinds of properties / Galileo Galilei -- The relation of sense-data to physics / Bertrand Russell -- Russell's philosophy of science / Ernest Nagel -- Furniture of the earth / L. Susan Stebbing -- Language and experience / R.L. Goodstein -- Operationism, observation, and scientific terms / Carl G. Hempel -- Measurement / Ernest Nagel -- On the theory of scales of measurement / S.S. Stevens -- Elementary and abstract terms / Rudolf Carnap -- Theoretical terms and a modest empiricism / Israel Scheffler -- pt. 2. Laws and theories. Physical law / Pierre Duhem -- Problems of the concept of general law / Carl G. Hempel and P. Oppenheim -- Laws and theories in the physical sciences / C.F. Presley -- On methods of representation / W.H. Watson -- Theories as representations / Ludwig Boltzmann -- Probability and degree of confirmation / Ernest Nagel -- The significance and purpose of natural laws / Ernst Mach -- Explanation, prediction, and abstraction / Israel Scheffler -- The meaning of reduction in the natural sciences / Ernest Nagel -- pt. 3. Space, time, and causality. Absolute and relative space, time, and motion / Isaac Newton -- Criticism of Newton's doctrines on space / George Berkeley -- Newton's views on time, space, and motion / Ernst Mach -- Two systems of mechanics / Heinrich Hertz -- Hertz on classical mechanics / Henri Poincaré -- Geometry and space / Henri Poincaré -- Coordinative definitions, rigid bodies, and the relativity of space / Hans Reichenbach -- Logical and philosophical foundations of the special theory of relativity / Adolf Grünbaum -- Meaning and scientific status of causality / Henri Margenau -- The Copenhagen interpretation of quantum theory / Norwood Russell Hanson.