Preface -- List of Contributors -- Introduction -- Religious Toleration in Classical Antiquity/Peter Garnsey -- "To Flee or Not to Flee": An Assessment of Athanasius's De Fuga Sua/Alvyn Pettersen -- Popular Violence and Popular Heresy in Western Europe, c 1000-1179/R.I. Moore -- The First crusade and the Persecution of the Jews/Jonathan Riley-Smith -- The Language of Persecution: John of Salisbury and the Early Phase of the Becket Dispute (1163-66)/John McLoughlin -- The Mohammetan and Idolatry/Jennifer Bray -- The Possibility of Toleration: Marsiglio and the City States of Italy/Diana M. Webb -- Infidels and Jews: Clement VI's Attitude to Persecution and Toleration/Diana Wood -- Reginald Peacock: A Tolerant man in an Age of Intolerance/Roy M. Haines -- Mission and Inquisition Among Conversos and Moriscos in Spain, 1250-1550/John Edwards -- Persecution and Toleration in Reformation Europe/N.M. Sutherland -- Persecution and Toleration in the English Reformation (Presidential Address)/G.R. Elton -- Anglicans, Puritans and American Indians: Persecution or Toleration?/H.C. Porter -- Toleration and the Cromwellian Protectorate/Blair Worden -- The Enforcement of the Conventicle Acts, 1664-1679/Anthony Fletcher -- Sir Peter Pett, Sceptical Toryism and the Science of Toleration in the 1680s/Mark Goldie -- The Politics of "Persecution': Scots Episcopalian Toleration and the Harley Ministry, 1710-12/D. Szechi -- The Persecution of the French Jesuits by the Parliament of Paris, 1761-71/D.G. Thompson -- "No law would be Granted Us': Institutional Protestantism and the Problem of Catholic Poverty in England, 1839-42/Gerard Connolly -- Bishop Alexander and the Jews of Jerusalem/Patrick Irwin -- Pope Pius IX and religious Freedom/Peter Doyle -- Tolerant Bishops in an Intolerant Church: the Puseyite Threat in Ulster/S. Peter Kerr -- Persection and Toleration in Pre-Colonial Africa: Nineteenth Century Yorubaland/ John Iliffe -- Toleration and Persecution in Colonial Natal/J.B. Brain -- The Religious Background to Max Weber/Norman Stone -- Intolerable Tolerance: The Canadian Bishops and the 19112' Appeal on Behalf of Christian Unity'/Richard e. Ruggle -- The Persecution of George Jackson: a British Fundamentalist Controversy/D.W. Bebbington -- the Pope and the Jews in 1942/Owen Chadwick -- Religion and Social Control in the Soviet Union, 1945-1964/Gavin White -- Abbreviations.